Managing back pain typically requires a combination of self-care, medication, and possibly interventional or surgical treatment, depending on severity.
Self-care and lifestyle modifications
• Stay active – Avoid long periods of bed rest
• Heat or cold therapy – Helps ease pain and reduce inflammation
• Exercise – Low-impact activity can support recovery
• Posture support – Improving posture may reduce strain on the back
Non-pharmacologic therapies
• Physical therapy – Customized programs to improve strength and mobility
• Chiropractic care – May offer short-term relief through spinal manipulation
• Acupuncture – Can help alleviate certain types of chronic back pain
• Mind-body practices – Yoga, tai chi, and meditation can support pain coping
Medications
• OTC analgesics – NSAIDs (like ibuprofen or naproxen) or acetaminophen
• Muscle relaxants – For short-term relief of acute muscle spasms
• Antidepressants or anticonvulsants – For chronic or nerve-related pain
• Topical creams or patches – Target localized inflammation and discomfort
Interventional procedures
• Epidural steroid injections – Deliver anti-inflammatory medication to affected areas
• Nerve blocks – Interrupt pain signals from specific nerves
• Radiofrequency ablation – Uses heat to reduce chronic nerve pain
Surgical interventions
Surgery may be considered if conservative options are ineffective or if structural issues are present, such as:
• Discectomy – Removes part of a herniated disc
• Laminectomy – Removes part of a vertebra to relieve pressure
• Spinal fusion – Permanently connects two or more vertebrae for stability
A provider can help determine the right course of action based on your condition and medical history.