SSRIs increase serotonin levels by blocking reuptake, effectively treating depression and anxiety with fewer side effects; TCAs boost serotonin and norepinephrine but have higher risks.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly prescribed for mood and anxiety disorders. They work by increasing serotonin availability in the brain, which helps improve mood and reduce worry.
SSRIs are effective for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, OCD, panic attacks, PTSD, PMDD, and eating disorders, and are used in both adolescents and adults.
Common side effects include nausea, insomnia, dizziness, agitation, sexual dysfunction, and weight changes. Rarely, serotonin syndrome may occur, which requires immediate medical attention.
TCAs are older medications that increase serotonin and norepinephrine by blocking their reuptake. They are used for depression, migraines, OCD, and certain anxiety disorders but carry higher risks of side effects.
TCAs are prescribed for depression, migraines, OCD, anxiety, neuropathic pain, bed-wetting, insomnia, and eczema.
TCAs commonly cause drowsiness, dry mouth, weight fluctuations, sexual dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension, and pose overdose risks, including heart irregularities and seizures.
SSRIs are generally safer with fewer severe side effects and lower overdose risk, making them the preferred first-line treatment. TCAs may be used when SSRIs are ineffective but require close monitoring.
Always seek medical advice before starting, stopping, or changing medications. Klarity Health offers online evaluations and prescriptions to help you find the best treatment for your needs.
If you're considering medication for anxiety or depression, Klarity Health can connect you with licensed providers for confidential, insurance-free online consultations. Schedule your appointment today and get treatment within 24 hours.
This content is for educational purposes and not a substitute for professional medical advice. If you're in crisis or experiencing suicidal thoughts, contact emergency services or the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 988.